Math & Utilities

Scientific Calculator

Full scientific keypad

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Scientific Calculator

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Quick Answer

A scientific calculator evaluates expressions with arithmetic, powers (xⁿ), roots (√), trig functions (sin, cos, tan in degrees), and logarithms (log = base 10, ln = natural). Enter the expression and press = to evaluate.

What Is Scientific Calculator?

A scientific calculator goes beyond basic arithmetic, supporting trigonometry, logarithms, square roots, arbitrary powers, and mathematical constants like π and e, the operations needed for science, engineering, physics, and advanced mathematics.

This calculator evaluates full multi-step expressions like 'sin(30) + 2^8 / 4' in one step, respecting standard order of operations (BODMAS/PEMDAS). Trigonometric functions operate in degrees. 'log' means log base 10; 'ln' means the natural logarithm (base e).

How to Use

  1. 1Tap function buttons to build your expression, or type directly into the display.
  2. 2Use sin(, cos(, tan( for trigonometry, always close the parenthesis.
  3. 3Use log( for base-10 log, ln( for natural log, √( for square root, ^ for power.
  4. 4Press = to evaluate, C to clear, ⌫ to delete the last character.

Formula

Trig (degrees)
sin(θ) cos(θ) tan(θ)
Powers / roots
x^2 x^n √(x)
Logarithms
log(x) = log₁₀(x) ln(x) = logₑ(x)
Constants
π ≈ 3.14159265 e ≈ 2.71828183

Example: Area of a circle with diameter 10 cm

  • Radius = 5 cm
  • Type: π*5^2
≈ 78.5398 cm²

Tips & Things to Know

  • Always close parentheses, sin(30 without ) will produce an Error.
  • sin, cos, tan here work in DEGREES: sin(90) = 1, cos(0) = 1.
  • log(100) = 2 (because 10² = 100). ln(e) = 1. ln(1) = 0.
  • All trig functions (sin, cos, tan) here operate in degrees. If your angle is in radians, multiply by 180/π first, e.g. π/3 radians = 60°.
  • e ≈ 2.71828 is the base of natural growth. It appears in continuous compound interest: A = Pe^(rt). ln(e) = 1, e^0 = 1.
  • For scientific notation like Avogadro's number (6.022 × 10²³): enter 6.022 × 10^23 using the × and ^ buttons. The result displays in standard form.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does this calculator use degrees or radians?

Degrees. sin(90) = 1, cos(0) = 1, tan(45) = 1.

What is the difference between log and ln?

log(x) is log base 10. ln(x) is the natural logarithm, base e ≈ 2.71828. log(1000) = 3. ln(e) = 1.

How do I type π in the calculator?

Press the π button, it inserts the constant 3.14159265 into your expression.

What does ^ do?

^ means 'raised to the power of'. 2^8 = 256. 5^2 = 25. 10^-3 = 0.001.

Why does my calculation show Error?

Common causes: unclosed parentheses, taking log or square root of a negative number, division by zero, or invalid characters.

How do I calculate log of any base, not just 10 or e?

Use the change-of-base formula: log_b(x) = log(x) ÷ log(b). For log base 2 of 32: log(32) ÷ log(2) = 1.505 ÷ 0.301 = 5. So log₂(32) = 5, which makes sense because 2⁵ = 32.

What is e and why does it matter?

e ≈ 2.71828 is Euler's number, the base of natural logarithms. It arises naturally in continuous growth and decay: population growth, radioactive decay, compound interest. A = Pe^(rt) gives the amount A after time t at continuous rate r.

Why does tan(90) show an error?

tan(90°) is mathematically undefined because it equals sin(90)/cos(90) = 1/0. Cosine is exactly zero at 90° and 270°, making the tangent infinite at those points.

How do I calculate factorial (n!)?

Factorial is n × (n−1) × ... × 1. For example, 5! = 5×4×3×2×1 = 120. Factorial is used in permutations and combinations. Enter it as: 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 using the multiplication key.

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